Mortar is a commonly used material in building construction. It is used to bond building materials such as bricks and stones. It has multiple functions such as load-bearing, heat insulation, sound insulation, and fire prevention. The mortar production process refers to the process of preparing mortar, which involves multiple links such as the selection of raw materials, mixing, and deployment, which directly affects the quality and performance of mortar. This article will explain the basic process of the mortar production process, the selection, and deployment of raw materials, process control, and other aspects, to provide some reference and help for readers.

The basic process of the mortar production process

The basic process of mortar production mainly includes the processing of raw materials, batching, mixing, adding water, adjusting performance, quality inspection, and other links. Among them, the selection and batching of raw materials are the most critical links in mortar production, which directly affect the performance and quality of mortar.

Handling of Raw Materials

The raw materials of mortar mainly include sand, cement, expansion agent, and so on. Among them, sand is the raw material with the largest proportion in mortar, and its quality and composition directly affect the strength and stability of mortar. In general, the sand should choose natural river sand or machine-made sand with regular particle shape, uniform particle size, and no sediment and organic impurities.

Cement is the cementitious material of mortar, and its variety and quality have an important impact on the strength, hardening time, and durability of mortar. In general, ordinary Portland cement or mineral admixture cement that meets national standards should be selected. An expansion agent is an additive in mortar, which can improve the crack resistance and impermeability of mortar. Generally, an organic expansion agent or silicate expansion agent is used.

Ingredients and Stirring

Batching refers to weighing and mixing raw materials in a certain proportion to form the basis of mortar. In the batching process, it is necessary to select the appropriate proportion and proportion according to the actual use and requirements of the mortar and adjust the performance and characteristics of the mortar. Stirring is the process of fully mixing the mixed raw materials, usually through a mixer. During the mixing process, it is necessary to pay attention to factors such as mixing time, mixing speed, and mixing method to ensure that the raw materials are fully mixed to form a uniform mortar.

Add water and adjust the performance

Adding water refers to wetting the prepared raw materials to form a mortar with good fluidity. The amount of water added should be adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials and the use requirements of the mortar. Too much or too little water can adversely affect the performance and quality of the mortar. Adjusting performance refers to adding or adjusting certain properties of mortar according to actual needs during the production process of mortar, such as improving water resistance and compressive strength. Adjustment performance is generally achieved by adding some special additives.

Quality inspection

Quality inspection is an important link in the mortar production process, which is used to check whether the quality and performance of the mortar meet the requirements. The quality inspection includes many aspects such as the strength, stability, water resistance, and cohesiveness of the mortar. In the process of quality inspection, it is necessary to adopt scientific and accurate methods to ensure that the quality and performance of the mortar meet the requirements.

Selection and deployment of raw materials

The quality and performance of mortar depend on the selection and deployment of raw materials. Reasonable selection and deployment of raw materials can optimize the performance of mortar and improve the use effect and service life of mortar.

Sand selection

Sand is one of the most important raw materials in mortar, and its quality and composition directly affect the strength and stability of mortar. The choice of sand should meet the following requirements:

(1) The particle shape is regular and the particle size is uniform.

(2) Contains no sediment and organic impurities.

(3) Good compressive strength and durability.

(4) The color and texture are coordinated with the building.

Commonly used sand includes natural river sand and machine-made sand, and its quality and performance are as follows:

(1) Natural river sand: The texture is fine and the color is lighter, but the sand particle size is uneven, and some particles contain silt and organic impurities, which hurt the strength and durability of the mortar.

(2) Manufactured sand: It is sand processed by artificial crushing, screening, and washing. Its particle size is uniform, free of sediment and organic impurities, and has good compressive strength and durability. It is suitable for high-strength and high-strength stable mortar.

Choice of cement

Cement is another major raw material in mortar, and its quality and composition have a great influence on the performance and quality of mortar. Commonly used cement includes Portland cement, ordinary hard cement, and rapid-hardening cement. The choice of cement should meet the following requirements:

(1) High compressive strength, good durability, and stability.

(2) The color and texture are coordinated with the building.

(3) Good compatibility with sand.

Additive selection

Additives are auxiliary raw materials in mortar production, which can improve the performance and quality of mortar. Commonly used additives include thickeners, water-retaining agents, water-reducing agents, and strengthening agents. Additives should be selected according to actual needs and usage requirements.

Common mortar quality problems and solutions

In the process of mortar production and use, some mortar quality problems are often encountered, such as insufficient strength, poor cohesiveness, and water resistance. Some common mortar quality problems and solutions are listed below:

The mortar is not strong enough

Insufficient mortar strength is a common mortar quality problem, and there are many reasons for it, such as poor quality of raw materials, insufficient mixing, insufficient cement dosage, etc. There are several solutions:

(1) Strengthen the quality inspection of raw materials to ensure that the quality and composition of raw materials meet the requirements.

(2) Strengthen the management of the mixing process to ensure sufficient and uniform mixing.

(3) Increase the amount of cement to increase the strength of the mortar.

Mortar adhesion is not good

Poor mortar cohesion is a common mortar quality problem, and there are many reasons for it, such as uneven particle size of raw materials, insufficient cement dosage, etc. There are several solutions:

(1) Strengthen the quality inspection of raw materials to ensure that the particle size of the sand is uniform.

(2) Increase the amount of cement to improve the cohesiveness of the mortar.

(3) Add an appropriate amount of additives to improve the cohesiveness of the mortar.

Mortar is not water resistant

The lack of water resistance of mortar is a common mortar quality problem, and there are many reasons for it, such as poor quality of raw materials, an insufficient amount of cement, insufficient mixing, etc. There are several solutions:

(1) Strengthen the quality inspection of raw materials to ensure that the quality and composition of raw materials meet the requirements.

(2) Increase the amount of cement to improve the water resistance of the mortar.

(3) Strengthen the management of the mixing process to ensure sufficient and uniform mixing.

Mortar is an indispensable material in construction engineering, and its quality directly affects the quality and service life of buildings. To produce high-quality mortar, it is necessary to strictly follow the technical requirements for production, select good raw materials and additives, and strengthen the management of the mixing process, to ensure that the performance indicators such as strength, cohesiveness, and water resistance of the mortar meet the requirements.

At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the maintenance and maintenance of the mortar during use, and repair and replace the problematic parts in time to ensure the safety and stability of the building.

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